IT Labs Portfolio · Per Scholas
LAB-001

Disassemble a
Desktop Computer

A hands-on in-person lab completing a full disassembly of a Dell desktop computer. Every component was identified, safely removed, photographed, and documented — from opening the case to removing the CPU — following CompTIA A+ objectives and proper ESD safety procedures throughout.

Status Completed
Category CompTIA A+ / Hardware
Difficulty Beginner
Lab Version v1.0 — November 2023
Computer Dell Desktop SFF
// Overview

Lab Details

Objective
  • Safely disassemble a desktop computer
  • Identify and document all major components
  • Follow correct ESD safety procedures
  • Disconnect all internal cables in correct order
  • Remove and label all hardware components
  • Photograph each step for documentation
Tools & Equipment
  • Dell desktop computer (SFF)
  • Phillips head screwdriver
  • Anti-static wrist strap
  • Labeled containers for screws
  • Anti-static bags for components
  • Smartphone for photos
  • Tech toolkit
  • Monitor, keyboard, mouse
Skills Demonstrated
  • Hardware component identification
  • ESD awareness and prevention
  • Safe PC disassembly procedures
  • Cable identification and management
  • Technical documentation
  • Attention to detail
  • Following structured lab procedures
// Write-Up

Lab Documentation

Step 1 — Verify the Computer Works

Before beginning any disassembly, I set up the work environment with adequate lighting and antistatic protection. The desktop computer was placed on the workbench and labeled with my name. I connected the monitor, keyboard, and mouse, then powered the system on to confirm it was functional.

The computer successfully displayed the BIOS splash screen with the following access keys:

KeyFunction
F2Enter Setup
DELEnter BIOS
F12Boot Menu

The computer fully loaded the operating system, confirming the machine was in working condition before disassembly began.

Step 2 — Open the Case

I put on the anti-static wrist strap to prevent electrostatic discharge (ESD) damage to components. I identified the screws securing the side panels to the case frame, then used a screwdriver to release them. All screws were placed in a marked container.

With the side panels removed, the internal components were fully visible — including the KingFast SSD in its blue drive tray, the AVC CPU cooler and fan, the Dell power supply unit, and the green Dell motherboard.

Step 3 — Disconnect All Internal Cables

Before disconnecting anything, I photographed the front panel cables connecting to the motherboard so I could reference them during reassembly. I then disconnected internal cables in the following order:

  • CABLE 01Main power cable — disconnected from the motherboard and photographed
  • CABLE 02SATA data cables — disconnected and photographed (blue and orange cables visible)
  • CABLE 03Front panel cables — photographed first, then disconnected (LEDs, power switch)
  • CABLE 04All remaining internal cables — disconnected and placed in a labeled container

After all cables were removed, I photographed the open case to document the clean state before component removal.

Steps 4–6 — Power Supply, Network Adapter & Expansion Cards

I identified and released the screws securing the power supply unit and removed it from the case. The PSU was placed in the work area for documentation.

When checking for a network adapter card in the expansion slots, I confirmed that this computer did not have a NIC installed in an expansion slot. Similarly, no additional expansion cards were present beyond what was already identified. Both steps were noted and documented accordingly.

Step 7 — Remove Storage Device

After exploring the system, I identified one storage device — a KingFast SSD mounted in a blue drive tray. I released the screws securing it to the bay, removed the drive from the case, and placed it in an anti-static bag labeled as belonging to my computer.

Step 8 — Remove the Motherboard

With cables disconnected and the PSU removed, I had clear access to the motherboard screws. I identified all mounting screws, released them carefully, and gently lifted the Dell motherboard out of the case — taking care not to damage the I/O plate or touch the conductive areas. The motherboard was placed on a non-conductive surface in the work area.

Steps 9–11 — RAM, CPU Cooler & CPU

With the motherboard on the workbench, I identified two RAM modules installed on the board. I released the retention clips and carefully removed both sticks, placing them on a non-conductive surface and photographing them for documentation.

For CPU cooling, the system used an AVC brand cooler with a blower-style fan. I disconnected the CPU cooler power cable, released the mounting mechanism, and carefully lifted the cooler away from the CPU — taking care not to yank the CPU from its socket.

After the cooler was removed, I identified the lever securing the CPU to the LGA socket, released it, and gently lifted the CPU straight up without applying force. The CPU was placed pins-facing-up on a non-conductive surface and photographed.

Step 12 — Remove Case Fans

After exploring the full case, I confirmed that the only fan present was the CPU cooler fan — there were no additional case fans mounted to the chassis. The fan was documented, placed in a labeled container, and all screws were collected in a marked container.

// Component Inventory

Components Identified

Hardware Components Found & Removed

Component Details Found Notes
Computer Dell Desktop Small Form Factor Fully functional before disassembly
Motherboard Dell OEM — Intel chipset Removed and placed on non-conductive surface
CPU Intel processor — LGA socket Removed using lever mechanism, no force required
RAM 2 modules installed Released using retention clips, placed in anti-static bag
CPU Cooler AVC blower-style fan/heatsink Only cooling in the system — no additional case fans
Power Supply Dell OEM PSU — 80 Plus rated Screws released and removed from rear of case
Storage Device KingFast SSD (2.5" SATA) Mounted in blue drive tray — only one storage device present
NIC / Network Card None in expansion slot No dedicated NIC card found — likely integrated on motherboard
Expansion Cards None present No additional expansion cards beyond integrated components
Internal Cables Main power, SATA, front panel, fan cables All disconnected in order and placed in labeled container
// Lab Videos

Lab Walkthrough Videos

Six videos recorded using Meta glasses during the live break and fix lab — first-person POV.

// Video 01 — RAM Installation
// Video 02 — Inside Parts Come Together
// Video 03 — Installing the PSU
// Video 04 — Motherboard & PSU Explained
// Video 05 — Attaching PSU Step-by-Step
// Video 06 — Motherboard Revealed: Parts Up Close
// Takeaways

Lessons Learned

LESSON 01
ESD protection is not optional. The anti-static wrist strap must be worn throughout the entire disassembly process. A single electrostatic discharge can permanently damage a motherboard, CPU, or RAM without any visible signs.
LESSON 02
Photograph before you disconnect. Taking a photo of the front panel cables and all connections before removing them is essential. It removes all guesswork during reassembly and saves significant troubleshooting time.
LESSON 03
Label everything. Using separate marked containers for screws from different components prevents confusion. Computer cases use different screw sizes for different hardware devices and mixing them up causes reassembly problems.
LESSON 04
Not all computers follow the same layout. The SFF (Small Form Factor) Dell had components in tight spaces that required non-sequential steps. Adapting to the specific machine rather than rigidly following a single order is an important real-world skill.
LESSON 05
Handle components by the edges. Touching the gold-plated connectors on RAM, expansion cards, and CPUs can cause damage. Developing the habit of holding components by their edges is critical for hardware work.
LESSON 06
Documentation is a technical skill. Writing down what was found, what was done, and what was observed at each step is just as important as the physical work. Clear documentation is what turns a lab exercise into a portfolio piece.
// What's Next

Next Steps

Building on This Lab

  • Complete the reassembly lab — install all components back into the case, reconnect all cables, and verify the system boots successfully
  • Research each component identified — look up specs for the Dell motherboard, CPU model, RAM type and speed, and KingFast SSD capacity
  • Study CompTIA A+ objectives related to hardware components, form factors, and connectors covered in this lab
  • Practice identifying components by sight — be able to name every part and explain its function without referencing notes
  • Apply ESD safety knowledge — understand when and why each precaution is necessary and be able to explain it to others